Coal Mining_Lupine Publishers

Groups 4 and 15 and Organotin Condensation Polymers for The Treatment of Cancers and Viruses by Charles E Carraher  in Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS)in Lupine Publishers

This short review describes the use of group 4 metallocenes, group 15 organometallics and organotin polymers in the treatment of human cancer tumors and viruses. These metal-containing polymers show good inhibition of all the main group solid tumors including pancreatic, lung, brain, breast, prostate and colon human cell lines. They also show inhibition of a variety of viruses including zika, herpes and vaccinia viruses. Synthesis of the polymers is rapid employing interfacial polymerization and commercially available reactants. They offer physicians a new class of drugs for the treatment of a variety of cancers and viruses.

https://lupinepublishers.com/material-science-journal/fulltext/groups-4-and-5-and-organotin-condensation-polymers-for-the-treatment-of-cancers-and-viruses.ID.000103.php

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Polymers_Lupine Publishers

Palm Oil Fuel Ash as A Cement Replacement in Concrete by Ahmed Ash in Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS)in Lupine Publishers

To produce concrete, cement is an essential material that binds together solid bodies but also is the largest producer of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission. Up to 10% of global CO2 emission comes from cement production thus making the sustainability of concrete a major issue that needs addressing. The processes of producing concrete consume heavily on natural resources such as sand, gravel, water, coal and crushed rock, mining of which damages the environment. It is however possible, that energy and cost efficiency can be achieved by reducing on the amount of clinker, and in its place utilizing partial cement replacements/pozzolans that require less process heating and emit fewer levels of carbon dioxide. This study investigates the effectiveness of agro waste ash by-product Palm Oil Fuel Ash (POFA) as an alternative material to replace Portland cement (OPC). Experiments were carried out by supplementing CEM I cement by weight in concrete mixes with POFA at 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% steps at the point of need, with water to cement ratio of 0.5. Results were compared with a control specimen, which was made with 100% cement. The results showed impressive compressive strength, especially at early age; in fact POFA specimens containing 2.5% and 5% POFA replacement displayed greater early compressive strength in comparison to the control, which is similar in behaviour to concrete containing silica fume which is an established partial cement replacement used in high strength applications. The results showed good repeatability and highlight the potential of POFA as an effective pozzolan which could enhance the sustainability and economic aspect of concrete.

https://lupinepublishers.com/material-science-journal/fulltext/palm-oil-fuel-ash-as-a-cement-replacement-in-concrete.ID.000102.php

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Material Science- Lupine Publishers

New Materials: Current Development Under Simulation Techniques by Efrén Vázquez Silva in Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS)in Lupine Publishers

In order to appreciate, in all its magnitude, the development of new materials (the totally new, the derivated, the transformed and combined ones), we need to observe through a prism of several faces, but all its converging on the plane of the climate change urgencies and the survival of the human being as a species on the planet Earth. Thus, the development of new atomic and molecular structures, the transformation of others already known, is a phenomenon closely linked to contemporary and high priority problems, such as the depletion of non-renewable sources of energy, the care and protection of the environment, and the health of people. It is possible to sustain that the emergence of modern approaches to new materials had its initial rebound in two periods of great activity: from 1821 to 1851, three decades in which it was understood at the macroscopic level and discovered the possibilities of thermoelectric; and from 1930, when it was possible to understand, from the microscopic level, thermoelectricity. This second stage led to many of the current new materials [1]. In this sense, the emergence of alternative refrigeration technologies was also decisive at the beginning of the 1990s, as a result of the combination of environmental factors and the negative evidence of global climate change. In general, the development of contemporary approaches and perspectives in the creation of new materials or the well-intentioned modification of “old” materials, is a cross-cutting phenomenon to these crucial problems of humanity, which solutions go beyond specific fields. And at the same time, in a general way, they could focus from science to suprainfim levels: nanotechnology. The manufacture of materials with great structural precision at the nanoscale has led to extremely important applications for those fields of high research demand, such as energy, environmental sciences, device technology and biomedicine.

https://lupinepublishers.com/material-science-journal/fulltext/new-materials-current-development-under-simulation-techniques.ID.000101.php

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Composite Materials- Lupine Publishers

Antibacterial Activity of Citrus Aurantifolia Leaves Extracts Against Some Enteric Bacteria of Public Health Importance by Muhammad Ali in Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS) in Lupine Publishers

The study was conducted to determine the phytochemical composition and antibacterial activity of Citrus aurantifolia leaves extracts against clinical isolates of some enteric bacteria of public health importance. The result of phytochemical screening of the leaves extracts shows the presence of alkaloid, glycoside, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, steroids, terpenoid and phenol. The result of antibacterial efficacy of the extracts against the isolates indicated that the extracts were active against the isolates with higher activity in ethanol extract (with average zone of inhibition of 14.91mm) when compared to aqueous extract (12.67mm). The result of susceptibility of the isolates to the extracts showed Shigella was more sensitive to the extract with average zone of inhibition of 14.90mm, followed by Klebsiella (14.49mm), Escherichia coli (13.77mm) and Salmonella typhi with average zone of inhibition of 12.01mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts showed that dilutions of various concentrations of aqueous and ethanol of leaves extracts can inhibit the growth or kill the isolates at a concentration of between 2.125-20mg/ml. Statistical analysis of the results indicated that there is no significant different in the activity of the extracts against the isolates used at p<0.05. Findings from this study support the use of Citrus aurantifolia leaves extracts for medicinal purposes.

https://lupinepublishers.com/material-science-journal/fulltext/antibacterial-activity-of-citrus-aurantifolia-leaves-extracts-against-some-enteric-bacteria-of-public-health-importance.ID.000107.php

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Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS) - Lupine Publishers

Modern Approaches on Material Science (MAMS) is a peer-reviewed open access journal. It deals with elements of physics and chemistry, and it is the leading in nanoscience and nanotechnology research. Materials that are in research are Electronic, optical and magnetic materials and Computational materials science and materials theory, Nanomaterials, Biomaterials. These provide high quality, faithfully reviewed and quick publication, to cater the insistent need of scientific community. Modern Approaches on Material Science publishes all types of Research Article, Review Article, Short Communications, Editorials, Mini Reviews covering all areas like metals, ceramics, glasses, polymers, electrical materials, nanostructured materials, composite materials, biological and biomedical materials, fibers, and nanocomposites.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/mams/