Presentatıon of a Temporal Artery Case with One Eye (TOOAJ)- Lupine Publishers

Presentation of a Temporal Artery Case with One Eye by  Gamze MADEN in TOOAJ- Lupine Publishers

Temporal arteritis or giant cell arteritis(GCA), is a frequently seen systemic inflammatory vasculitis, affecting elderly people.Early treatment is very important to reduce the risk of future vision loss. In this report, we presented arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) in a late-diagnosed temporal arteritis. Interestingly, despite late diagnosis prompt improvement was seen and total blindness, the most worrisome complication of temporal arteritis, was prevented with urgent treatment. In this case report, we presented urgent treatment of the patient with AAION who is blind in one eye due to complicated cataract surgery. We reported the importance of prompt treatment and approach to patients who has already diagnosed with temporal arteritis.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000124.pdf

Guide Lines for Wet AMD Treatment (TOOAJ)- Lupine Publishers

Guide Lines for Wet AMD Treatment  by Ahmed Darwish in TOOAJ- Lupine Publishers

To give practical guide lines for the management of neovascular AMD.Macular laser photocoagulation [Macular Photocoagulation Study (MPS) can result in preventing severe loss of vision in about 50 percent of treated patients with extra/ juxta foveal CNV, with about 50 percent of patients developing recurrent choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM).Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin acts via activating a photosensitizing dye within the pathologic vessels by infrared laser leading to occlusion of choroidal new vessels with minimal damage to the retina. PDT can prevent 3-line vision loss in about 49 to 77 percent of treated patients but seldom improves vision .With the establishment of VEGF as the main cause for the development and progression of neovascularization, novel agents to block them and thereby preventing further progression was sought for. With the advent of anti-VEGF agents, the treatment for neovascular AMD has completely changed, with dramatic outcomes.

http://lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000121.pdf

Open Access Automation in Vision Testing: Glaucoma Detection Software (TOOAJ)- Lupine Publishers

Open Access Automation in Vision Testing: Glaucoma Detection Software by Shilpa in TOOAJ- Lupine Publishers

Vision testing is the phenomenon of detecting the vision problems which are generally undertaken to improve prognosis and disabilities. Apart from visual acuity measurement and refractive error problems, other eye related retinal disorders include diabetic retinopathy, age related muscular degeneration and glaucoma. Retinal imaging plays an important role in the detection of these disorders. Early detection of these disorders can prevent the permanent vision loss in patients. The aim of this research work is to implement a software algorithmic program in the field of ophthalmology for the detection of glaucoma. In the present work, Glaucoma detection is done by cup to disc ratio measurement to locate the damaged optic nerve head. DRIVE database is used to acquire retinal images. Further codes are implemented using MATLAB software to get the results. This software system can be utilized everywhere, especially in school health programs in Himachal Pradesh in urban as well as rural areas where it is difficult to carry high maintenance ophthalmic machines.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000117.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000117.pdf

Comparison of Invasive & Non-Invasive Tear Break up Time Measurement Techniques in Contact Lens Users (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Comparison of Invasive & Non-Invasive Tear Break up Time Measurement Techniques in Contact Lens Users by Hashim Ali Khan in TOOAJ- Lupine Publishers

To compare invasive and non-invasive techniques for measuring tear break-up time (TBUT) in contact lens users.Comparison of invasive and non-invasive TBUT was done on a sample of 30 contact lens users (60eyes) ages limit from 15 to 30 years of females at Department of Ophthalmology, Madinah Teaching Hospital (MTH) Faisalabad by applying non probability convenient sampling technique. This descriptive cross sectional study was completed in duration of 6 months from October 2018 to March; 2018. An appropriate informed consent was taken from each participant under study. Video keratograph and Bausch and Lomb keratometer were used to measure non-invasive tear break up time. Flourescein tear break up time was performed by Slit Lamp using flourscein strip. Averages of three readings were recorded of each technique to ensure accuracy. Data was analyzed by One-way ANOVA test in SPSS software version 20. There is insignificant difference between invasive and non-invasive TBUT technique at level of 5% confidence interval.There is no significant difference between values of invasive and non invasive tear break up time. Each of three techniques can be applied for measuring tear film stability.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000118.pdf

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/ophthalmology-journal/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000118.php

Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Within The Spectrum of Pachychoroid Disease (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Pachychoroid Neovasculopathy Within The Spectrum of Pachychoroid Disease by Di Carlo E in  (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Pachychoroid neovasculopathy is a relatively new retinal disease, characterized by the presence of Type 1 choroidal neovascularization associated with signs of increased choroidal thickening and hyperpermeability. The latter features are distinctive of pachychoroid spectrum disease, which also includes pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy, central serous chorioretinopathy and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. These pathologies share common features, such as choroidal vascular disfunction, abnormalities of the retinal pigment epithelium without showing typical characteristics of age related macular degeneration and, occasionally, choroidal new vessels. Many recent works have tried to analyze the main aspects of pachychoroid neovasculopathy with the aim to better understand the natural course and the proper management of the disease. Multimodal imaging modality, with the recent advent of the optical coherence tomography angiography, plays a fundamental role to help the physicians to distinguish choroidal neovascularization in pachychoroid disease from neovascular age related macular degeneration. In this review, we summarize the latest updates in the pathogenesis, clinical features, and advances in imaging multimodalities in order to delineate a clearer description of the pachychoroid neovasculopathy. Finally, we propose recommendation guidelines for the diagnosis and management of this relatively new clinical entity. Nevertheless, larger studies and clinical trials are needed to achieve standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment modalities.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000111.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000111.pdf

Misstatements About Time (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Misstatements About Time by Patrice F Dassonville in  (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

The theory of time starts usefully by a prior inventory of the main mistakes that are commonly made, such as the pleonasms, the confusion between events and time, the duration of the present, the use of metaphors, time considered a cause of diseases and aging, time considered a phenomenon instead of a concept.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000115.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000115.pdf

Sequential Endogenous Endophthalmitis (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Sequential Endogenous Endophthalmitis  by Sid A Schechet in  (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

This report describes an unusual case of culture-proven bilateral endogenous endophthalmitis secondary to an underlying psoas abscess in a 54 year old male. The patient first was found to have endophthalmitis in the left eye, and, in spite of being on the appropriate intravenous antibiotics, he subsequently developed endophthalmitis in the right eye two days later With timely treatment and close communication with the primary team, the patient recovered with a successful visual outcome.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000107.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000107.pdf

Drug Targets and its Delivery in Glaucoma -Current Trend and Future Prospects (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Drug Targets and its Delivery in Glaucoma -Current Trend and Future Prospects by Rahul Rama Hegde in  (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Topical route of drug delivery always remained a route of choice for delivering all glaucoma medications rather than systemic route. Upon topical instillation drug reaches interior tissues of eye mainly through corneal route and route and therefore epithelial and stromal layer of the cornea act as barrier to transcorneal permeability of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs respectively. TTanscellular and Para cellular pathways are the two major corneal transportation routes for the topically applied drugs. Lipophillic drugs cross the cornea through transcellular pathway while the hydrophilic drugs cross through para cellular pathway. For treatment of glaucoma effective drugs are present mainly beta blockers, cholinergic agonists, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, adrenergic agonists and prostaglandin derivatives but lack effective delivery system to improve patient care and clinical outcomes. Currently available drugs for ocular conditions need to be administered two or more i.e. multiple times a day, as well the poor patient adherence makes the treatment less clinically effective. Studies suggest that <1% of topically administered drug reaches aqueous humor. Up to 80% of systemic absorption of drug occurs followed by topical administration of eye drop causing systemic side effects.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000102.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000102.pdf

Ophthalmology and Ionizing Radiation (TOOAJ)-Lupine Publishers

Ophthalmology and Ionizing Radiation by Shravana Kumar Chinnikatti in TOOAJ-Lupine Publishers

Due to the sensitive nature and low radiation tolerance of eye and its contents radiation to eye is sparingly and selectively used. Delivering ionizing radiation to eye associated with complications, however the intraocular tumors are highly radiosensitive and radiation can be delivered both by external beam therapy and brachytheray. Due to recent advances in radiotherapy now particle beam therapy is preferred for best vision sparing therapy due its selective nature. External and brachytherapy can radiation used with intent of radiacal, adjuvant and palliative intent to most common intraocular tumors like retinoblastoma, choroidal melanoma and metastatic tumors. Brachytherapy rarely is used only in selective centers with high technical expertise due high professional exposure to ionizing radiation. Radiation plaques are used in brachytherapy and these are the preloaded sources kept near the tumors either temporarily or permanently. Brachytherapy most commonly used for choroid melanomas. Brachytherapy plaques come in different sizes and shapes or can be customized according to the needs. Brachytherapy basically delivers high radiation to tumor and less radiation to surrounding normal tissues.

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/fulltext/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000101.php

https://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/pdf/TOOAJ.MS.ID.000101.pdf

Trends in Ophthalmology: Open Access Journal (TOOAJ) - Lupine Publishers

Trends in Ophthalmology Open Access Journal (TOOAJ) is a peer-reviewed, international journal of Lupine group that publishes research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to the sense of sight. This Journal includes new diagnostic and treatment methods, surgical techniques, instrument updates and the latest drug findings. This journal focuses on different aspects of eye surgery such as post lasik conditions and care, surgically induced astigmatism, cataract surgery, corneal transplant success rate, clear corneal incision, post-operative corneal melt, malyugin ring cataract surgery. It also provides major reviews and also publishes manuscripts covering regional issues in a global context.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/tooaj/