Lupine Publishers | Mini OPCAB Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Plus Medical Treatment: An Option for High Risk Coronary Patients

 Lupine Publishers | Journal of Surgery

Abstract

MINI OPCAB surgery (Xiphoid Approach) is a surgical technique in which the left internal mammary artery is bypassed to the Anterior Descending Artery (ADA) by a medial inferior sternotomy Fourteen high risk patients with multiple coronary disease with a preoperative logistic Euroscore of 10.86 were operated and follow up with medical treatment and strictly control of risks factors MACE at 80 months was 0% and Survival at 7 years 82% (KM) Although is an alternative the combination of Mini OPCAB operation plus medical treatment in high risk. Patients with multiple vessels coronary disease, more experience is needed to confirm this initials results. Statistical analysis applied the student test (SPSS program), with p<0.05 were considered significant

Keywords: Mini Opcab; Minimally Invasive Coronary Surgery; Coronary High Risk Patients

Introduction

In high-risk patients with multiple vessel disease who are not candidates for conventional surgery with extracorporeal circulation or for percutaneous procedures as a single treatment, the alternative of left mammary artery to left internal descending artery bypass graft surgery without extracorporeal circulation offers advantages over medical treatment [1,2].

Figure 1:

Figure 2:

a) The MIDCAB operation

b) Is effective to treat high risk patients with multiple vessel disease. Greater long-term follow-up is necessary to clarify the indications and validate the procedure for this type of patients.

c) MINI OPCAB surgery (Xiphoid Approach) is a surgical technique in which the left internal mammary artery is bypassed to the Anterior Descending Artery (ADA) by a medial inferior sternotomy approach in the 3rd or 4th intercostal space, leaving intact the sternal manubrium (Figures 1 & 2). Long-term results have already been published, reaching 82% survival at 12 years (Kaplan-Meier).

d) This presentation describes the experience with this surgical technique in our institution [3,4].

Materials and Methods

Fourteen high risk patients with multiple vessel coronary artery disease with mean age of 71.07 years (±9.051, 95% CI), 21% women and mean preoperative Logistic EuroSCORE of 10.68 (±5.407, 95% CI), were operated-on in the last 7 years, followed up in our institution with strict medical treatment and control of risk factors.

Result

Operative mortality in this series was 0%, the incidence of perioperative infarction was 0%, the average duration of surgery was 2 hours and 20 minutes; 10 (71%) patients were extubated in the operating room and average hospital stay was 2 days and 11 hours. Following the intervention, one patient received a stent in the right coronary artery and another in the circumflex artery for presenting large arteries with severe lesions. In this group of patients, major adverse cardiovascular events were 0% at 80 months. Survival rate was 82% at 7 years (Kaplan-Meier); an 85-year-old woman died 5 years after surgery due to stroke.

Conclusion

The combination of a MINI-OPCAB surgery for bypass of the left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery [5,6] together with an adequate medical treatment and a hybrid treatment when the right coronary artery or circumflex artery are of high caliber, is a viable option for elderly and high-risk patients. More experience is needed to confirm these initial results.

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