Can Socio-Economic Incentives Improve the Livelihoods of Communities Surrounding Rehabilitated ecosystems? An empirical evidence of Kondoa Rehabilitated Rural Areas, Dodoma, Tanzania: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Can Socio-Economic Incentives Improve the Livelihoods of Communities Surrounding Rehabilitated ecosystems? An empirical evidence of Kondoa Rehabilitated Rural Areas, Dodoma, Tanzania by Chami Avit A* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

Communities need motivation in order to effectively and sustainably participate in conserving the surrounding environmental resources. However the contribution of socio-economic incentives towards improving the livelihoods of communities surrounding rehabilitated ecosystems remains scantly known. This study was an attempt to reveal the less known contribution of socioeconomic incentives towards improving the livelihoods of communities surrounding rehabilitated ecosystems drawing empirical evidences from Kondoa Rehabilitated Rural Areas (KRA), Dodoma, Tanzania. The cross-sectional research design was employed. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 30 respondents from each of the four study villages and make a total of 120 respondent households.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000115.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000115.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000115.pdf

Women Participation in Cotton Farming in Simiyu Region, Tanzania: Undefined Paradoxical Praxis: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Women Participation in Cotton Farming in Simiyu Region, Tanzania: Undefined Paradoxical Praxis by Chami Avit A* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

Cotton stands as one of the key cash crops in the Tanzanian economy and the second largest agricultural export product with over 70%-80% of it being exported. Despite the widely known merits, significances and challenges of integrating gender equality and equity in economic activities, less remains to be known on actual defined participation and contribution of women in cotton farming in Simiyu region, Tanzania. This paper attempted to reveal the existing paradoxical praxis in the course of establishing women contribution in cotton farming in Simiyu region. Specifically, this paper sought to: (a) assess the level of women participation in cotton farming in Simiyu region (b) examine factors affecting women participation in cotton farming in Simiyu region (c) assess the perceived role of women participation in the cotton farming in Simiyu region. The descriptive cross-sectional research design was employed. Simple random sampling technique was used to select a total of 120 respondent households from the selected villages from region's districts namely, Maswa, Meatu, Bariadi, Busega and Itilima. Data were collected using pre-tested and pilot-tested questionnaires, focus group discussions and interviews. Ms-Excel and SPSS 20.0 computer software were used to analyze data. Descriptive statistics were employed to reveal various parameters in the study. The study findings revealed low level of women participation in cotton farming (23.3%) compared to the revealed level of male (76.7%) of the total households involved in the questionnaire survey; suggesting the presence of less number of women who owns lands in the study area. The revealed paradoxical praxis in the study area entails the fact that women who don't stand as households heads don't own piece of land and the whole process of cotton farming.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000114.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000114.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000114.pdf

Post-Vaccination Immunity in FMD: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Post-Vaccination Immunity in FMD by AI Samuilenko* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

The general opinion of scientists from different countries is that the 21st century is the age of biotechnology, one of the directions of which is the creation of bio products. Bio preparations are used to increase efficiency in the production of food products of plant and animal origin; neutralizing environmental pollutants with the production of useful products from wastes; ensuring the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of multi cellular organisms, including humans and solving many other problems of mankind. A special place is occupied by immunology, the science of the structure and functions of the immune system and the study of immunity, a specific biological property of multi cellular organisms, aimed at protecting against genetically alien factors (microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, plants and fungi), foreign molecules and others. Immunity also provides immunity to the body from infections when re-encountering the pathogen.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000113.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000113.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000113.pdf

Efficacy of Selected Attractants for Monitoring the Populations of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle Xyleborus Glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and Other Bark Beetles in the Florida Panhandle: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Efficacy of Selected Attractants for Monitoring the Populations of the Redbay Ambrosia Beetle Xyleborus Glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and Other Bark Beetles in the Florida Panhandle by Lambert HB Kanga* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) is a non-native insect first discovered in the United States in 2002 in Port Wentworth, Georgia. This beetle has a direct impact on the natural forest ecosystem because it vectors the fungus Raffaelea lauricola, which causes laurel wilt disease, a vascular disease of trees in the family Lauraceae, such as redbay, sassafras, camphor, silkbay, pondspice, bay laurel, the endangered pondberry and the economically important avocado. Originally from Southeast Asia the beetle has spread to coastal forests of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina. This study surveyed previously un-surveyed areas of the Florida Panhandle, the Apalachicola National Forest usinga) A mixture of manuka and phoebe oil, b) Ethanol gel attractants and c) Hand sanitizer.

The redbay ambrosia beetle was not detected in the Apalachicola National Forest; however, another 2,394 specimens of beetles belonging to the tribe Xyleborini and related tribes of the Scolytinae were found. Of these, more than 90% belonged to introduced (invasive) species. Gel ethanol was significantly more attractive to ambrosia beetles than the manuka and phoebe oil mixture. When hand sanitizer was substituted as a source of ethanol, no significant differences were found between the numbers of beetles captured by the manuka and phoebe oil mixture and by hand sanitizer. Thus, hand sanitizer was as attractive as the commercial product. The presence of high numbers of invasive beetles suggests that an even larger number of fungi are being introduced and they are potential threats to the trees in the Apalachicola National Forest's ecosystems. Hand sanitizer attractant could be used as an alternative to gel ethanol as it is cost-effective, affordable, and sustainable

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000112.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000112.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000112.pdf

Mechanisms of Resistance to Organophosphorus and Pyrethroid Insecticides in Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina Citri Populations in Florida: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Mechanisms of Resistance to Organophosphorus and Pyrethroid Insecticides in Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina Citri Populations in Florida by Lambert HB Kanga* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

Background: The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) is the most devastating pest on citrus in Florida as it vectors causal pathogens of citrus greening a disease also known as huanglongbing. Florida is the largest citrus producer in the.com and the development of insecticide resistance in ACP populations is a serious threat to the citrus industry. Mechanisms of resistance in ACP are not fully understood. Thus, in order to develop a resistance management program, the primary type of resistance must be determined. We conducted several studies to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to two commonly used classes of insecticides in ACP populations.

Results: Enhanced metabolism by esterase (185.0-fold) and carboxyl esterase (30.33-fold) were major factors of resistance to organophosphorus insecticides. In addition, glutathione-s-transferees (2.5-44 fold), mixed function oxidise (2.17-fold), and altered target site (3.67-fold) were also significant factor of resistance to pyrethroid insecticides.

Conclusion: Mechanisms of resistance in ACP populations to insecticides were both metabolic and altered target site; therefore synergist probes such as piperonyl butoxide, S, S, S, -tri-n- butyl phosphorotrithionate, triphenyl phosphate and formamidine could be used successfully to design a resistance management strategy for the Asian citrus psyllid.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000111.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000111.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000111.pdf

An Assessment of Relative Risks to Human/Ecological Health Biotech Crops versus Other Human Activities: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

An Assessment of Relative Risks to Human/Ecological Health Biotech Crops versus Other Human Activities by PK Gupta* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

The regulation of GM crops has been a subject of intense debate during the last two decades. These crops are being grown globally and the area occupied by these crops has been steadily increasing from a mere 1.7 million hectares in 1996 to a record level of >180 million hectares in the year 2014 covering 28 countries (for the first time the area decreased to 179.7mha in 2015). During the 20 years period of cultivation, no harmful effects of these crops have been reported anywhere. Despite this, there is a vehement opposition against cultivation of these crops, and unfortunately, this opposition is not based on science; those opposing the cultivation of these GM crops include civil society groups (CSGs), NGOs and a group of scientists. These groups constitute an anti-GM lobby, which doesn't seem to be concerned about other human activities, which are more alarming and causing a major harm to human and environment health. Therefore in this communication, the current status of GM crops, along with the impact of their cultivation is being presented first and then the effects of other human activities on human health and environment health described. While presenting this information, the question is being addressed to these groups (constituting an anti-GM lobby) that if they are really concerned about human and environment health and the future of mankind, why are they not addressing the problem of adverse effects of other human activities on human health and environment health, which are much more alarming.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000110.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000110.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000110.pdf

The Study Process of Equalizing Temporary Sprinkler and a Substantiation of Parameters of Working Bodies: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

The Study Process of Equalizing Temporary Sprinkler and a Substantiation of Parameters of Working Bodies by Manabaev NT Baimakhanov K* in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

The article examines the processes of cutting temporary sprinklers for irrigation of crops, periodic equalizer them after watering, as well as provided the identified deficiencies and irrigation network equalizers, agro-technical requirements to be met by irrigation network and equalizers temporary sprinklers. A new technology sprinklers equalizing time to address their weaknesses, as well as workflow alignment. Currently operating equalizers cannot perform quality work on the proposed authors equalizing technology. Therefore, there is need for scientific substantiation of new working body’s equalizers. Research was conducted manufacture different variants of experimental models of working body for alignment sprinklers and study parameters of working body equalizer performing the proposed technology alignment. In justifying the blade parameters used geometrical, physical and mathematical modeling techniques based on the principle of similarity. After conducting experiments obtained regression equation adequately describing the attractive resistance dump, placement depth of the top layer of dry soil dam in the recess, the value of the height irregularities after equalizing. The result proved the rational parameters of heap equalizer temporary sprinkler, which performs the proposed technology equalizing. These reasonable working body parameters recommended for use in development activities (R & D) in the manufacture of equalizer model samplesopment of eroded and erosive dangerous soils of the foothill zones, carried out based on soil erosion surveys of the farms of the republic.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000109.php

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http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000109.pdf

Studies of the Possibilities of Determining the Degree of Erosion of Soils in Azerbaijan: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Studies of the Possibilities of Determining the Degree of Erosion of Soils in Azerbaijan by Rae ZH Aliyev*in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

The article examines the issues of the possibility of studying the areas of development by soil erosion and its control. The study proved that the development of soil erosion is based on the forming impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. The degree of potential danger and the possibility of prevention, taking into account the preservation of the environmental situation in the foothills of the Upper Shirvan in the example of the Shemakha district of the Republic of Azerbaijan, were studied. The main objectives of the study here was to determine the amount and degree of development of eroded and erosive dangerous soils of the foothill zones, carried out based on soil erosion surveys of the farms of the republic.

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000108.php

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Allelopathic Potentiality of Celosia argentea L Review: (CIACR) - Lupine Publishers

Allelopathic Potentiality of Celosia argentea L Review by Yuvraj D Kengar*in Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research (CIACR) in Lupine Publishers

Weeds are a mostly unwanted unplanted redundant plant that grows in crop fields and interfere the crop sociability, cause damage to natural resources and loss in yield. Although, they are an integral component with crop and enjoy lucrative business expressing that a natural phenomenon of one plant releases substance which affect the growth of other plant sharing the same habitat called allelopathy and chemical substance known as allele chemicals. These allele chemicals have ability to disturb metabolic functions including photosynthesis, respiration, mineral nutrition and such others through Allelopathic mechanism. They often affect germination and growth dynamics of crop plants. Allelopathy signifies either negatively or positively, resulting in inhibitory or stimulatory potential on neighboring plants. The weed, Celosia argentea L is predominately interfere in crop fields of cereals and legumes therefore, plant parts such as leaves, roots and inflorescence are showing their Allelopathic effects on seed germinations physiology and metabolisms of various crop plants. In this connection, the Allelopathic effect of C argentea is not studied extensively by workers; very few records are available so attempt has made to compile the Allelopathic influence of C argentea on various crop plants in this review

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/abstracts/CIACR.MS.ID.000107.php 

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/fulltext/CIACR.MS.ID.000107.php

http://www.lupinepublishers.com/ciacr/pdf/CIACR.MS.ID.000107.pdf