One of the prominent applications of robots is in assistive therapy
using humanoids. Robots are now playing a vital role in our
lives as assistants, therapist, companions and much more. Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects the communication skills and
social cues of a person considerably. Recently efforts have been made in
the development of communicational, behavioral, motor
movements, joint attention and physical behavior of the children
suffering from ASD using the humanoid robots. The therapies
based on interactive interventions using robots for ASD have proved to
be a favorable tool for improving the behavior of children
with ASD. There are different ways to identify and improve the behavior
in ASD child e.g. psychologists’ sessions, computer vision
based bio markers like joint attention measurement and gait analysis,
and robot assisted therapies using Autism Observation Scale
for Infants (AOSI). In particular the area of robotics is helping a lot
in the treatment of ASD as the robot acts as a mediator as well as
measures the response of an autistic child.
Keywords: Autism; Joint Attention; Therapy; Bio Markers
for the treatment of Autism spectrum disorder. The SAR aims
at improving the social response and communication skills of
an individual suffering with social disabilities. One of the most
commonly addressed disabilities by the humanoid robots is Autism
Spectrum Disorder (ASD) [1]. Impairment in social interactions and
communication skills caused by a complex developmental brain
disorder refers to the definition of Autism Spectrum Disorder [2].
Children under ASD lack verbal, non-verbal and communication
skills such as joint attention, imitation, gait, motor skills, facial
expressions etc. With the advancement in recent years, robots
are now replacing human tasks with a lot of accuracy, reliability,
different aesthetic and functional characteristics. Robots have
now been interacting with ASD children under specially designed
interactive interventions for improving the social cues and
behavior of ASD child. There are several robots that have been
made to develop social development skills or physical impairments.
Research shows that robots helps to improve the attention span
and develop the spontaneous skills of a child with ASD [3,4].
Examples of such robots are Paro [5-7], robotic doll Robot [8-11].
These robots help people with physical, emotional and behavioral
disorders to improve their social interaction and cues.
Table 1: Commonly used robots in autism spectrum disorder therapies.
There are multiple robots which have been developed and
utilized in Autism Spectrum Disorder curing. Few of them are
given in Table 1, which are listed along with their specifications.
Among all, NAO is more famous and it’s being utilized in different
applications along with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
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