Abstract
Background: High competitive level judo practice from
a very young age, may lead to an increasing risk of injury. The aim of this
study is to identify injury risk factors in a young high-level judo population
to develop future specific strategies for injury prevention.
Methods: An individual questionnaire was applied by
physicians to cadet and junior athletes that competed in international judo
tournaments in 2014. Statistical inferential analysis was performed to identify
the major injury risk factors and injury patterns in these ages.
Results: 212 athletes from 13 different countries (53% portuguese)
answered the questionnaire. Male predominance was found, and a mean age of 16,8
±1,5 years with 9,7±3,1years of judo practice. We found 347 injuries, with 83%
of the athletes reporting at least one injury. The majority of injuries
occurred to the limbs (85%) during training period (71%), in the throwing phase
(87,6%), as a consequence of direct contact (72%) and with articular
involvement (62%). Sprain was the most common type (36%) and shoulder the most
specific segment affected (25%) with an occurrence twice as high during defense
movements [p=0,018]. Injury occurrence was associated with training load
(p=0,001), whilst the number of injuries with the age [p=0,005], need to lose
weight (p=0,007) and training load (0,001).
Conclusions: Increasing age, need to lose weight and
training load were identified as injury risk factors for these ages. We also
verified that shoulder injuries are significantly more frequent during defense
movements, being these ones that led to more severe injuries.
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