Despite the improvement of methods for diagnosis and treatment of
bacterial lung destruction (BDL) in children, there are many
cases of complicated fistula development. Bronchopleural fistulas in
children mostly develops due to breakthrough into the pleural
cavity of the lung abscesses communicating with the bronchus [1,2]. One
of the main factors conditioning pulmonary collapse and
its non-expansion, even with drainage of the pleural cavity, is the
functioning of peripheral Bronchopleural fistulas (BPF) and the
absence of a bronchial system due to this tightness. Principles of
treatment of patients with Bronchopleural fistulas derive from
an understanding of the cause of fistula development, the mechanisms of
development of respiratory failure and disruption of
homeostasis. The main reasons for the development of respiratory failure
in Bronchopleural fistulas is the development of the lung
leakage syndrome, which in turn inhibits the spreading of the lung
[3,4].
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