Malignant chest wall tumors are broadly classified into eight main
diagnostic categories: muscular, vascular, fibrous and
fibrohistiocytic, peripheral nerve, osseous and cartilaginous, adipose,
hematologic and cutaneous. Some other malignant chest wall
tumors that do not fit well in any of such category are synovial sarcoma
and ewing’s sarcoma. Sarcomas of soft tissues, particularly
those from the deep sites of the extremities raise a problem of
diagnosis and treatment. Hemangiopericytoma (HPC) is a rare
vascular tumor, and is most controversial, because earlier it was
thought to represent a neoplasm of the pericytes of Zimmerman.
Histiocytic sarcomas, including malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH),
represent a group of neoplasms with an unpredictable course
and for which treatment varies widely. Pleomorphic malignant fibrous
histiocytoma (MFH) which is also known as undifferentiated
high-grade pleomorphic sarcoma according to the latest World Health
Organization classification is a diagnosis of exclusion. Myxoid
liposarcoma (LS) is the most common subtype of liposarcoma and occurs
predominantly in the extremities. Different cytogenetic
features and their underlying molecular alterations define distinct
entities among LS. Myxoid LS has a strong and specific association
of the (12;16). Inflammatory fibrosarcoma, commonly referred to as
inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) has become as part
of a spectrum of inflammatory myofibroblastic proliferation. It is
potentially locally aggressive tumor of the mesentery of children
and young adults. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role to
distinguish different types of soft tissue tumors with similar
morphology.
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