Optimal Efficacy in Light-Activated Biomedical Systems and Nonlinear Laws versus Linear Beer-Lambert Law and Bunsen-Roscoe Reciprocal Law by
Efficacy of light-activated
biomedical processes depends on the tissues (media) optical properties, the
photosensitizers, and the light parameters such as its wavelength, energy,
intensity, pulse-width, repetition rate and the operation modes. Optimal combination
of light fluence (energy density), intensity and irradiation time may be
achieved via scaling laws. Beer-Lambert law (BLL) and Bunsen-Roscoe law (BRL,
for reciprocity rule) are discussed and compared to new nonlinear scaling laws
developed by coupled equation for light intensity and concentration of the
photosensitizers. The linear BLL is limited to simple case, when there is no
photosensitizer depletion. Type-II photodynamic therapy efficacy follows the
BRL (for the case of no external oxygen supply, with P=0), whereas type-I and
type-II (with P>0) follow a non-linear non-BRL.
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