Therapeutic recombinant interferons and cytokines are being used to
treat different diseases but these proteins can start
immunogenic reactions. These reactions neutralize the effect of
therapeutic proteins and make them useless. There are many factors
responsible for causing and effecting immunogenicity including dosage,
route of administration, genetic status, and polymorphism
and Allergic responses. The body’s first immune response against
recombinant therapeutic cytokines is mediated by innate system,
subsequently activating the adaptive immune system. The key factors in
immunogenicity are the glycosylation and aggregated structure
of therapeutic protein that distinguishes the protein/cytokine from
self-proteins. There are many ways to reduce immunogenicity like to
decrease the number of epitopes for T-cells or by screening the history
of allergies. IFNs are basically proteins in nature many of which
are related both in 3D structure and amino acid sequences. Recombinant
Interferons are widely used these days against viral infections
and cancers. In this review the antiproliferative activity and the
effects of various recombinant human interferons on the cytotoxic and
cytostatic activity of natural killer cells and monocytes are discussed
in detail.
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